Percutaneous nephrolithotomy using fluoroscopic guided renal access

Objective: To report our experience of over 500 patients treated with Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) at a tertiary as well secondary Care hospital. Despite PCNL's early success minimally invasive treatment option, its popularity has waned after the advent extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL). Over time, however, urologists were forced to rethink role PCNL in Urolithiasis clinical ESWL revealed limitations, particularly for lower pole stones anatomical complexity and challenges faced open surgical procedures, an intrarenal pelvis. Urologists have advanced into era ever-expanding versatility thanks advancements tools, camera systems, intracorporeal technology, they now expert skills percutaneous stone dissolution all parts kidney. Patients Methods: Between 2013 2019, participants (358 males, 142 females, aged 15-55 years) addressed by single Urologist institution both care hospital Stones averaged 2.5 cm diameter (ranging from 1.5 3.5 cm).